This DATSETNAMEreadme.txt file was generated on 2024-03-04 by Shih-Chieh Kao


GENERAL INFORMATION

1. Title of Dataset: 

        CMIP6-based Multi-model Streamflow Projections over the Conterminous US, Version 1.1

2. Author Information
	A. Principal Investigator Contact Information
		Name: Shih-Chieh Kao
		Institution: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
		Address: PO Box 2008 MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038
		Email: kaos@ornl.gov
		ORCID:0000-0002-3207-5328

	B. Associate or Co-investigator Contact Information
		Name: Ganesh R. Ghimire
		Institution: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
		Address: PO Box 2008 MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038
		Email: ghimiregr@ornl.gov
		ORCID:0000-0002-4284-3941

	C. Alternate Contact Information
		Name: Sudershan Gangrade
		Institution: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
		Address: PO Box 2008 MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038
		Email: gangrades@ornl.gov
		ORCID:0000-0002-0730-0810

3. Date of data collection (single date, range, approximate date) <suggested format YYYY-MM-DD>: 

        2023-09-30

4. Geographic location of data collection <latitude, longiute, or city/region, State, Country, as appropriate>: 

        Conterminous United States (125W–66.5W, 24N–53N)

5. Information about funding sources that supported the collection of the data: 

        This dataset is derived to support the SECURE Water Act Section 9505 Assessment for the US Department of Energy (DOE) Water Power Technologies Office (WPTO).


SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION

1. Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: 

        Open to share. No restriction.

2. Links to publications that cite or use the data: 

        Kao, S.-C., M. Ashfaq, D. Rastogi, S. Gangrade, R. Uría Martínez, A. Fernandez, G. Konapala, N. Voisin, T. Zhou, W. Xu, H. Gao, B. Zhao, and G. Zhao (2022), The Third Assessment of the Effects of Climate Change on Federal Hydropower, ORNL/TM-2021/2278, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, https://doi.org/10.2172/1887712.

        Rastogi, D., S.-C. Kao, and M. Ashfaq (2022), How May the Choice of Downscaling Techniques and Meteorological Reference Observations Affect Future Hydroclimate Projections?, Earth's Future, 10(8), e2022EF002734, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022EF002734.

        Ghimire, G. R., C. H. Hansen, S. Gangrade, S.-C. Kao, P. E. Thornton, and D. Singh (2023), Insights from Dayflow: A Historical Streamflow Reanalysis Dataset for the Conterminous United States, Water Resour. Res., 59(2), e2022WR032312, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022WR032312.

3. Links to other publicly accessible locations of the data: 

	(Only a subset) Kao, S.-C., G. R. Ghimire, and S. Gangrade (2023), CMIP6-based Multi-model Streamflow Projections over the Conterminous US, HydroSource, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, https://doi.org/10.21951/9505V3Flow/2007926.

4. Links/relationships to ancillary data sets: 

	This project uses a variety of ancillary data sets. For details, refer to Kao et al. (2022), https://doi.org/10.2172/1887712, and Ghimire et al. (2023), https://doi.org/10.1029/2022WR032312.

5. Was data derived from another source? yes/no
	A. If yes, list source(s): 

    Yes, this project uses a variety of external data (climate, land surface, hydrology). For details, refer to Kao et al. (2022), https://doi.org/10.2172/1887712, and Ghimire et al. (2023), https://doi.org/10.1029/2022WR032312.

6. Recommended citation for this dataset: 

    Ghimire, G. R., C. H. Hansen, S. Gangrade, S.-C. Kao, P. E. Thornton, and D. Singh (2023), Insights from Dayflow: A Historical Streamflow Reanalysis Dataset for the Conterminous United States, Water Resour. Res., 59(2), e2022WR032312, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022WR032312.


DATA & FILE OVERVIEW

1. File List:

        The general format of folders and files is:

                [Simulation Name]/[Variable Name]/[File Name]

        [Simulation Name]

                Simulations [VIC5_RAPID_Daymet2019_v20200704D_1980_2019], [VIC5_RAPID_Livneh2018_v20200704L_1950_2013], [PRMS_RAPID_Daymet2019_1980_2019], and [PRMS_RAPID_Livneh2018_1950_2013] are driven by 
				historical Daymet (1980-2019) and Livneh (1950-2013) meteorologic forcings using either VIC-RAPID or PRMS-RAPID.

                Other simulation names are a combination of [Hydrologic Model]_[GCM Name]_[SSP Scenarios]_[Ensemble ID]_[Downscaling Method]_[Reference Meteorological Observations]_[Years]

        [Hydrologic Model] This includes two hydrologic models:

                VIC-RAPID
                PRMS-RAPID

        [GCM Name] This includes the following CMIP6 GCMs:

                ACCESS-CM2
                BCC-CSM2-MR
                CNRM-ESM2-1
                EC-Earth3
                MPI-ESM1-2-HR
                MRI-ESM2-0
                NorESM2-MM

        [SSP Scenarios] This includes the following emission scenarios:

                ssp585
                ssp370
                ssp245
                ssp126

        [Ensemble ID] This is the unique CMIP6 ensmble ID for each GCM simulation.

        [Downscaling Method] This includes the following downscaling methods:

                DBCCA
                RegCM

        [Reference Meteorological Observations] This includes the following reference meteorological observations:

                Daymet
                Livneh

        [Years] This indicates the initial and ending years of the simulation.

        [File Name]  This is a combination of [Simulation Name] and the 8-digit US Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC08). 
		The shapefiles of HUC08s and stream reaches can be found in the shape folder.

2. Relationship between files, if important: 

        NA

3. Additional related data collected that was not included in the current data package: 

        NA

4. Are there multiple versions of the dataset? yes/no
	A. If yes, name of file(s) that was updated: 
		i. Why was the file updated? 
		ii. When was the file updated? 

        NA


METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION

1. Description of methods used for collection/generation of data:

        See Kao et al. (2022), https://doi.org/10.2172/1887712, and Ghimire et al. (2023), https://doi.org/10.1029/2022WR032312

2. Methods for processing the data: 

        See Kao et al. (2022), https://doi.org/10.2172/1887712, and Ghimire et al. (2023), https://doi.org/10.1029/2022WR032312

3. Instrument- or software-specific information needed to interpret the data: 

        All files are in NetCDF formats. Users can use any form of NetCDF readers to access the data.

4. Standards and calibration information, if appropriate: 

        See Kao et al. (2022), https://doi.org/10.2172/1887712, and Ghimire et al. (2023), https://doi.org/10.1029/2022WR032312

5. Environmental/experimental conditions: 

        NA

6. Describe any quality-assurance procedures performed on the data: 

        See Kao et al. (2022), https://doi.org/10.2172/1887712, and Ghimire et al. (2023), https://doi.org/10.1029/2022WR032312

7. People involved with sample collection, processing, analysis and/or submission: 

        NA


DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: VIC5_RAPID_01010002N_ACCESS-CM2_ssp585_r1i1p1f1_DBCCA_Daymet_1980_2019.nc (example)

1. Number of variables: 

        5

2. Number of cases/rows: 

        dimensions:
        comid = 988 ;
        time_dy = 14610 ;
        time_mn = 480 ;

3. Variable List:

        int COMID(comid) ;
                COMID:long_name = "NHDPlusV2 COMID identifier" ;
        int Time_dy(time_dy) ;
                Time_dy:long_name = "Time (daily)" ;
        int Time_mn(time_mn) ;
                Time_mn:long_name = "Time (monthly)" ;
        float RAPID_dy_cfs(comid, time_dy) ;
                RAPID_dy_cfs:long_name = "Simulated daily streamflow" ;
                RAPID_dy_cfs:units = "cfs" ;
        float RAPID_mn_cfs(comid, time_mn) ;
                RAPID_mn_cfs:long_name = "Simulated monthly streamflow" ;
                RAPID_mn_cfs:units = "cfs" ;

4. Missing data codes:

        NA

5. Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: 

        NetCDF


RESOURCES

Helpful resources in understanding and utilizing this data set.